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The Korean Peninsula extends southward from the eastern end of the Asian continent. It is roughly 1,000km (621 miles) long and 216km (134 miles) wide at its narrowest point. Mountains cover 70% of the land mass, making it one of the most mountainous regions in the world. The lifting and folding of Korea’s granite and limestone base has created breathtaking landscapes of scenic hills and valleys.

The mountain range that stretches the length of the east coast falls steeply into the East Sea, while along the southern and western coasts, the mountains descend gradually to the coastal plains that produce the bulk of Korea’s agricultural crops, especially rice. The peninsula is divided just slightly north of the 38th parallel.

The democratic Republic of Korea in the south and communist North Korea are separated by the Demilitarized Zone. South Korea has a population of 48.3 million (2006). Administratively, the Republic of Korea consists of nine provinces (do); the capital Seoul; and the six metropolitan cities of Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeon and Ulsan. In total, there are 77 cities (si) and 88 counties (gun).

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